Agroreclamation characteristics of southern chernozems in connection with irrigation

Abstract. Sustainable highly productive agriculture in the arid steppe zone of Western Siberia is possible only on basis optimizing water regime soils. The relevance irrigation increasing due to degradation soil cover, geopolitical and resource potential territories fundamental change development strategy Russia. Light soils prevailing Central Northern Kulund, widely used for crop production, are characterized by a weak water-retaining capacity require additional in-depth study features reclamation properties. purpose research solve scientifically practically relevant problems agrohydrophysics southern light loamy chernozems connection with soil-saving technology based knowledge about processes movement, moisture retention profile limits its availability plants. Methods. Field laboratory methods were used: morphological study, determination physical properties according generally accepted methods. Results. Ameliorative Kulunda have peculiarities granulometric composition, where sandy fractions 1–0.25 0.25–0.05 mm size predominate make up 46–77 % all particles, providing capacity, soluble salts. Good drainage provided underlying layers loam, sand, 3–8 m thick. reduced porosity soil-forming rocks (up 35.4–40.1 %), along high density ensures non-sagging these Weak structure favorable microaggregation create water-physical A significant part pores (11.9–37.3 %) state lowest (HB) free from water. Water permeability filtration increased (from surface at 1, 2, 3 hours, respectively, 38.6–95.5 mm; 34.0–51.4 31.1–49.9 mm). Moisture reserves wilting (WM) 0–50 cm, 0–100, 0–200 cm 45 90.82 mm, respectively. HB arable land layer 114.7 (15.5 0–100 it reaches 218.7 (14.2 %). Under natural conditions, content does not reach value even spring. range active (AWM) narrow, which must be taken into account, together characteristics when calculating regimes particular soil. scientific novelty. complete description hydrological that dire need optimization presented, necessary further behavior their profile, plants modern protection selective local irrigation.